What is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)? Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disorder characterized by persistent airflow limitation. It mainly includes chronic bronchitis (chronic cough for at least three consecutive months in two consecutive years) and emphysema (destruction of alveoli). The leading cause is long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette

What is Asthma? Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition in which the airways become inflamed, narrowed, and produce excess mucus—making it difficult to breathe. It often presents with episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, especially at night or early morning. Signs and symptoms of Asthma The patients

What is Sarcoidosis? Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the formation of tiny clusters of immune cells called granulomas. These granulomas can develop in various organs, most commonly the lungs and lymph nodes, but also in the skin, eyes, heart, and other organs. The condition varies widely in severity,

Diffuse Goitre Diffuse goitre is soft and symmetrical enlargement of thyroid gland. It usually appears in 15 to 25 years age group. It can progress to multinodular goitre with or without thyrotoxicosis. It’s signs and symptoms, diagnosis and management have been illustrated below in detail. Signs and symptoms Diagnosis of

Leshmaniasis Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmaniasis and transmitted through the bites of infected sandflies. It primarily affects the skin, mucous membranes, or internal organs, leading to different forms such as cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral disease. Common in tropical and subtropical regions. Leshmaniasis signs